pdev hardware (jeff mock's spectrometer)

Todo:

• 17jun08:
  
• see if the 1342,1358 is an image of the aerostat.
  
• the birdies across the band when 1290 or 1350 are strong. See if pfb overflow.
  

History:

• 08jun08:
•  Hires mode hr_shift was set to scale as 10 - log2(sqrt(decimation)) which is correct for noise. Testing (26sep07) showed that the scaling was ok, but the level was 3.75 too low. After looking at the  fpga code i see a factor of 2 scaling. I updated the pnetbld default scaling to be 12 - log2(sqrt(decimation)). The rms should now  come out close to the input a/d values. Need to check that this works.
  

Spectrometer specifications:

A/D and mixer Specs:   (top)

PDEV Data formats: (top)

• Header:
• 1024 byte header at start of first file of integration. If scan spans multiple files then all files after the first do not have the 1024 byte header.
• 32 int*4 word general header
• sp1 header of int*2  * N words describing the sp1 parameters.
  
• The header is normally output prior to datataking start.
• spectral Data.
  
• a=polA*2, b=polB*2, u=stokesU (2*RE(BA*), v=stokesV (2*Im(BA*))
  
• Normal format is : a1,b1,u1,v1 .. a2,b2,u2,v2.... for nchan  channels.
• 32bit stokes: i1,q1 i2,q2.. to nchan.. then u1,v1 u2,v2 .. to nchan
• After the 1,2,or 4 spectra of a dump, there is an 8 byte header that holds:
• seqNumber (16 bits)
• fftaccums (16 bits) done for this dump
• calon (4 bits)
• adc,pfb,vshift,accum,ashift overflows .. all 4 bit values.
  
• out of the spectrometer the data is in bit reversed order. The program bpInp will bit reverse it.
  
• .pdev file will have the above order .. a1,b1,u1,v1 etc...
• Time domain data: let I,Q be the inphase and quadrature samples, A,B be polA and polB  then:
  
• I0A,Q0A,I0B,Q0B .. I1A,Q1A,I1B,Q1B  
  
• If only 1 pol then order is the same, just remove the unused pol.
• There are no 8 byte record headers in each block of data. Everything is data.
  

Clock frequencies for integral dump times:  (top)

•  - in a column implies that the selection is not allowable (eg 1 second dump of 256 lenfft is larger than 64K which is the size of the dump register.
• the clock freqeuncies fora given fftlen will work for all fft lengths smaller. The table has differing values only because the ones lower in the table are closer to 170 MHz.

Compression levels.   (top)

• 17jun08: 16 bit galfacts setup shows 1290 radar compressing.
  
• 26apr08:bbmixer compression levels with a sine wave input.
• Shows that we can cover most of the A/D range (to about 1800 counts) before compression starts).
• 24apr08:A/D rms gain vs mixer gain and compression. On sky and noise source.
• Used noise from sky and if2 noise source
• Measured gain level for optimum sampling on sky.
• Found maximum A/D rms on sky (max gain)
• Using if2 noise source measured compression levels vs gain and a/d rms.
• apr08: Resistors in A/D removed pkToPk full scale  is now .77 volts (was 1.6)
• 14mar08: Signal levels in the bbm injecting a sine wave at the bbm input.
• Measured A/D sigmas vs sinewave power showing compression onset
  
• Computed power levels in mixer chassis at compression onset.
• 14mar08: A/D Signal levels injecting sine wave at A/D input
• Measured A/D rms vs input voltage.
• Shows input level needed to generate full scale sine wave.
• Configuration notes for power levels/dynamic range.

Blanking (top)

• Blankis done at the individual fft level. On each fft computed, the decision is made whether to include the fft in the accumulation or not.
• A 172 Mhz bw, 1024 fft uses 5.9  usecs of data (excluding the polyphase filter overlap).
  
•  When blanking is done, all spectra/crossspectra of an fft are blanked as a unit.
• The spectrometer returns the number of ffts accumulated on every integrated spectra read out.
• Blanking can be done with an external ttl signal or using Saturation of the ADC.
• For external blanking, if any portion of an fft occurs while the blanking signal is true, then the fft is not included
• For adc blanking, If the adc clips for N samples within an fft then the fft is not included. N is programmable. Typically we set it to 1.

Controlling the attenuators (top)

• IF in (polA) or (polB) Call it: IN1
  
• split signal into high IF band, Low IF band IN1_H, IN1_L
  
• attenuate each band separately IN1_H, IN1_L
  
• complex mix each band to base band.
• IN1_H -> IN1_H_bb
  
• IN1_L-> IN1_L_bb
• split each base band signal to go to group 0, group 1 (primary and commensal observers).
• So each Beam has two pols, and two bands --> 4 attenuators to control
• The attenuators are controlled through two serial ports on the back of the group0 spectrometers: b0Sxg0,b1Sxg0,.. b6Sxg0.
  
• The group 1 spectrometers do not have connections (via their serial ports) to control the attenautors.
• Looking from the back of each spectrometer:
• Left serial port: POLB  /dev/ttyS0
• Right serial port:polA  /dev/ttsS1
  

Rfi issues.  (top)

• Images of birdies are reflected about the center of the band.
  
• The BBMixer is complex so we need an accurate 90 degree phase and amplitude match between the I,Q samples.
• When a radar compresses the system (bbm or a/d) the phase is most likely screwed up and the amplitude is definitely wrong  so the image rejection is not going to work and the birdie will also appear reflected about the center of the band.
• This is seen in the aerosta, 1290 remy, t and the faa radar. It will only happen when the radar compresses in the mixer or a/d.

• 17sep08: Using ADC blanking to suppress radar harmonics.
  
• 11jun08: faa radar saturates a/d causing spectral harmonics.
  
• jan07: pshift values that work with the FAA radar.
  

Parameters:  (top)

• ALL:
• 05dec08: setting the registers for 16 bit sampling.
• 12oct07: A/D to output: the computational pipeline.
• 
  
• HR_SHIFT - high res mode upshisft after filter
• 080608: changed default hr_shift from 10-alog2(sqrt(dec)) to 12-alog2(sqrt(dec)). 26sep07 found rms 3.75 too low. In fgpa code (dlpf) found factor of 2. So correct it to 4 so output rms similar to input rms.
  
• 26sep07: location of noise rms bits in DLPF processing (setting hr_shift).
• PSHIFT - shifting in the butterfly stages
• 26aug08: overflow in the PFB butterfly stages from a sine wave.
• 08jul08: spectral bandpass shape and spectral jumps with low a/d rms values
  
• 27jun08: table of pshift vs fftlen for various setups.
  
• 17mar08: spectral bandpass shape vs A/D and pshift  levels
• DSHIFT - down shift before accumulation
• 10oct07: checking how dshift affects the spectra.
• ASHIFT - upshifting accumulator before packing.
• 05jun08: spectral amplitude and rms vs ashift for 16 bit sampling. polA,polb, stokes U,V.
  
• 01mar08: spectral amplitude and rms vs ashift for 8 and 16 bit packing (polA,B only)

bandpass shapes:

• 08jul08: using if2 noise source a/d rms=80, a/d rms=30, bw=172 MHz, 8k,4k,2k,1k,512 lenfft's.

Spectral mean and rms values.

• 05dec08: mean and rms (by channel) of spectra vs fftlen and sampling time when using 16 bit sampling.
  

Examples of various datataking configurations:  (top)

GalFacts

• 4096 channels across 172 Mhz
• 1 millisecond sampling
• full stokes, 16  bit output spectra.
• The parameters are normally set to:
• HR_SHIFT - 0 since hires not used
• PSHIFT:  0xffa
• ASHIFT: polA,polB: 14,14. Stokes U,V: 15,15

• 17jun08: Using alfa. az, za sitting at 270, 10. Take data for 12 seconds (1 radar revolution).    

Measurements in chronological order:  (top)

Configuration notes for power levels/dynamic range.

Misc:

Pwr consumption measurements 09aug07:  (top)

• acvolts 118
• fileserver alone: 2.8amps=330W
• fileserver + 1 box not running: 3.85amps=455 W
• fileserver + 1 box running 170MHz clock, i/orate 170Mb/sec: 4.2Amps=490 W
  

  fileserver alone	330W
  box alone. not running	125W
  fileserver and box running @170MHz with 70Mb/sec I/O	490W
  (running box+i/o) increase over not running	35W

GPIO General purpose i/o bits.   (top)

• B0: 1 pps input. Selected using the pnet.conf dump parameter ppssel 0   (for bit 0)
  
• B1: Cal input bit. If this bit is hi during a dump then the st.calon status bit will be set. The value comes from the calport multiplexor. Bit selection via pnet.conf [gx] parameter calsel.
  
• B2: Blanking bit. When this bit is high, the current fft will not be accumulated. Set via pnet.conf [gx] parameter blanksel
• B3: Cal output. This bit will be sent to the pdev cal selector and then sent to the calport multplexor to drive the calttl signal. The bit is selected via the pnet.conf [dump] keyword gpoe 0x08

Documentation:  (top)

List of datafiles taken before 2008:
List of datafiles by month mar2008 onwarrds:

<- page up
home_~phil